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Prepare to be amazed and inspired by the convergence of ancient ingenuity and futuristic imagination in this captivating video.
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00:00A huge train is rushing down the tracks.
00:03Brake's screeching!
00:04In a few seconds, a thousand-ton steel battering ram will crash into a bus that is stuck on the
00:10railroad crossing.
00:12Only a miracle can save the people.
00:14Wait, what's that?
00:16Moments before the collision, a human figure appears.
00:19The person's flying off the nearby mountain with a jetpack behind their back.
00:24Their body is protected by an exoskeleton.
00:27The suit is similar to the armor of a knight and makes a person incredibly strong.
00:32They land in front of the train and press their hands on its front.
00:36The exoskeleton absorbs the impact.
00:39Wheels screech like crazy.
00:41Then, a loud whistling squeal.
00:43And, just a few feet away from the bus, the train finally stops.
00:48The bus doors aren't working.
00:50People can't get out of it.
00:51The hero produces a lightsaber from their belt and cuts a new door.
01:00This scenario might seem too fantastic,
01:03but a lot of cool things previously seen only in comics and movies are now reality.
01:10Sarkos Robotics Exoskeleton makes the operator 20 times stronger,
01:15reduces the likelihood of injury, and doesn't restrain movement.
01:18This model is just one of many examples.
01:21In the near future, these mechanisms will appear on the streets
01:25and will become as familiar as flying drones or hoverboards.
01:29In such a suit, you can both rescue people and lift a fridge upstairs alone.
01:35But the armor seems incomplete if it can't fly.
01:38Richard Browning is the founder of Gravity Industries,
01:42a company developing jetpacks.
01:44He's also the chief test pilot.
01:45His apparatus consists of a large jet engine behind the back
01:50and two smaller ones on either arm.
01:52The person dressed in it looks like a character in a sci-fi action movie.
01:56If you weigh less than 200 pounds, this backpack will let you fly.
02:01The catch?
02:02Right now, it costs $440,000 to make one.
02:06The lightsaber is what fun science means.
02:09Several generations of scientists, bloggers, and Jedi fans are trying to create their trademark.
02:16The main contender for a lightsaber is high-energy plasma.
02:20The strength of the magnetic field will help the plasma keep its shape in the air.
02:25But there's a problem.
02:26To make the saber work, you'll need to carry a lot of equipment with you.
02:30And let's not forget about the ultraviolet radiation and heat that comes from hot plasma.
02:36The Burner Metal Vapor Torch is currently the best alternative to the Jedi Sword.
02:41This device cuts through a metal door in a few seconds.
02:45But fencing with a torch won't work.
02:48The cloak that makes a person invisible is no longer a fantasy.
02:53Canadian company Hyperstealth Biotechnology Corp.
02:56has developed a fabric that will make you disappear.
03:00There's no magic in the work of the cloak.
03:02Just good old physics.
03:04This cloak of invisibility creates an optical illusion that hides you from prying eyes.
03:10Since 1985, the hoverboard got lots of attention from people all over the world.
03:16And inventors have been trying to recreate this design for decades.
03:20Many companies have developed their own flying skateboard designs.
03:24There's a hoverboard powered by a stream of water, burning kerosene, electricity,
03:29or rotating propellers.
03:32Arx-Pax Hendo is the closest to its sci-fi prototype.
03:36The model can fly in all directions, turn and brake.
03:40This is possible due to two magnetic fields that repel each other.
03:45In 1947, U.S. engineers looked at the car and decided it was boring.
03:51Or maybe we can make it fly.
03:53Great idea, that!
03:55The result of their work was the Model 118 Conv Air Car.
03:59Roughly speaking, they took a passenger car and attached a plane with a propeller to its roof.
04:06Companies around the world continue to invest millions of dollars in the flying car project.
04:11Although their cars today look more like drones or helicopters.
04:15Many researchers are confident we'll never build a flying car.
04:20It's too expensive and dangerous.
04:22Who knows?
04:23In the 19th century, people said these four-wheeled carts would never replace a horse.
04:30But today, a comfortable ride on the highway always beats riding a horse in the prairie.
04:35While engineers are trying to get cars to fly, their colleagues have made it so that transport doesn't need a
04:42driver anymore.
04:43The computer takes over the controls.
04:46If you need to go to a supermarket or restaurant, your self-driving car will choose the best route itself.
04:52It also knows how to park.
04:54I should have started with this.
04:57The car distinguishes between other road users thanks to sensors, video cameras, and powerful computer processors.
05:04It notices traffic signals and road signs.
05:07The RoboTaxi project is one of the most promising ones in the field.
05:11Most likely, in the next 10 to 20 years, driving schools will become a thing of the past.
05:18For thousands of years, ancient people sat by fires and looked at the starry sky.
05:24Our civilization has already explored space firsthand, but there are still more questions than answers.
05:31There have been 600 astronauts in space in 60 years.
05:35Of these, seven people are tourists who have visited the International Space Station.
05:40For the right to see our planet from a height of 250 miles, you have to pay $50 million.
05:47SpaceX and its owner Elon Musk are willing to establish a colony on Mars by 2050.
05:54One million people will settle in the first ever Martian city.
05:59You don't have to get on board a spaceship to feel like you're on another planet.
06:0380% of the world's oceans are unexplored and unmapped.
06:07Marine vessel manufacturers offer to explore the seabed in comfort.
06:12To this end, they've developed submarine yacht designs that combine comfort and safety.
06:18The private submarine Migaloo M5 is as long as the Washington Monument is tall,
06:24and it can stay underwater for four weeks.
06:28The set includes a hangar with a helicopter, jet skis, and mini bath escapes.
06:33There are no buyers yet, but it's only a matter of time.
06:39Imagine that you're a scuba diver who descended to the bottom of the ocean.
06:43There's darkness all around you, but the flashlight can handle it.
06:47You breathe liquid that fills your helmet up to your eyes.
06:50Wait, what?
06:51We can't breathe water or, for example, soda,
06:55because these substances don't have enough oxygen, not because they're liquid.
06:59In the future, scuba divers will breathe liquid enriched with oxygen.
07:04It'll also allow for deep diving.
07:07American company Second Sight Medical Products has developed an artificial eye
07:12that can restore vision to a blind person.
07:16It's called Argus 2.
07:18It's actually an electronic retinal implant and the first step in creating the bionic eye.
07:24Perhaps, in the future, it'll be able to zoom in and out of objects,
07:29make the image clear, or turn on infrared light.
07:33Augmented reality glasses haven't reached technical perfection yet.
07:37Most futurists are confident they'll change our world, just like the internet did.
07:42Why do you need a TV or computer?
07:44At your command, the glasses will lower a virtual screen of any size in front of you
07:49with your favorite TV series.
07:50The same applies to furniture, clothing, and dishes.
07:54All this will be replaced by virtual stuff.
07:57Augmented reality glasses digitize any item that surrounds you
08:01and makes it look how you want it to.
08:04Unless you take them off, of course.
08:06Today, you have a Mediterranean landscape out your window.
08:10And tomorrow, you've got a view of Times Square.
08:13Hard drives and computer optical drives store enormous amounts of data.
08:18But this technology is unreliable.
08:20Over time, disks become unreadable.
08:24Scientists have almost solved this problem.
08:26They learned how to write electronic data into the DNA of living bacteria.
08:32Biological processes take place inside every living cell.
08:36Scientists have managed to program them using computer systems methods.
08:41Nanobots will appear in the next 10 years.
08:44In movies and comics, villains are most often associated with this technology.
08:48In the real world, nanobots will be used in medicine.
08:52Each robot is no larger than a molecule.
08:55By launching a flock of nanobots into the human body,
08:59doctors will be able to monitor the health and physical condition of their patients.
09:03And probably the best thing about nanobots is that they can be 3D printed.
09:10Cloning a dinosaur might not seem like a good idea in movies.
09:13But real scientists say it's not even an option.
09:17Genes can be used for cloning if they're no more than 1 million years old.
09:21And dinosaurs disappeared 65 million years ago.
09:25But there are other animals as well.
09:27There's a high probability that mammoths will reappear on Earth in the next 50 years,
09:33as well as woolly rhinoceroses and even saber-toothed tigers.
09:37Scientists plan to implant genetic material of extinct animals into the DNA of existing ones,
09:43elephants, rhinos, and tigers.
09:46In sci-fi movies, we often see spaceships and stations
09:50shooting colorful beams into space that attract other ships.
09:55Australian scientists have managed to create such a beam.
09:58Only it's invisible.
10:00Their beam is capable of capturing and holding atoms floating in a vacuum.
10:05Of course, these aren't huge space stations yet.
10:08But this is a big step in the study of physics.
10:11Scientists have created a quantum funnel
10:13that will allow studying the individual atoms and molecules
10:16that make up everything around.
10:21Phantasmagery is said to be the first animated film ever.
10:24It was made in 1908.
10:26And it's one of the earliest examples of hand-drawn animation.
10:30But did you know that ancient people entertained children with cartoons
10:34about 2.6 million years ago?
10:38A new study reveals that ancient people
10:40were the ones who first made pictures look animated.
10:42How?
10:43They carved pictures of animals on stones
10:46and placed them around fires.
10:48When the light starts bouncing around,
10:50those ancient animals just can't help but shake it and shimmy.
10:53The prehistoric carvings come to life in the flickering firelight,
10:57with those animals jumping in and out of focus
10:59like they're ready to party.
11:01Imagine how fun it would have been for prehistoric families
11:04to sit around a fire and create these animated carvings.
11:09It turns out that even some of the ancient wall paintings and carvings found in caves
11:14were inspired by their appearance in the moving light and shadows of flames.
11:19So, basically, these old-timey carvings were made to come to life when firelight hit them.
11:24And now researchers made a movie showing that cool effect on a 3D model of some horse engravings.
11:29The study says our brains are wired to see moving things and changing light,
11:33which is why these carvings probably mattered to our ancestors.
11:37In other words, cave people were like,
11:39Hey, let's carve some cool stuff on this rock,
11:41and when we light a fire, it'll look like it's moving.
11:44And now these scientists were like,
11:46That's awesome! Let's make a movie to show this, everyone!
11:50Andy Needham and his teammates used modern scanning and virtual reality tech
11:54to study 50 flat carved rocks called plaquettes made of limestone.
11:58These rocks were found in southern France back in the 1800s
12:01and now sit in a museum in London.
12:03They are covered in 77 realistic carvings of all sorts of animals,
12:08like horses, reindeer, and chamois.
12:11Apparently, Homo sapiens, with a lot of time on their hands,
12:14made these engravings a whopping 12,000 to 16,000 years ago.
12:19Needham realized that many of these carved rocks were harmed by fire,
12:23some covered in white ash,
12:25others dried or fractured because of heat.
12:27Upon closer examination,
12:29he discovered pink bands of discoloration resulting from iron deposits in the stone.
12:34What's more interesting is that the animal engravings were often superimposed on top of each other,
12:39sometimes even melded together,
12:41or fitted around each other like some kind of prehistoric animal jigsaw puzzle.
12:46Rather than tossing out the old and starting anew,
12:49the ancient artists took animal body parts to create new hybrids.
12:53For instance,
12:54one of the rocks depicts both a horse and a wild cattle-like creature known as a bovid.
13:00In this masterpiece of prehistoric art,
13:02the horse's abdomen and neck become the back and neck of the bovid,
13:06while the horse's head forms the bovid's ear.
13:08What a creative way of recycling!
13:12Researchers believe that the prehistoric rocks from Montestric
13:15were used as primetime entertainment for our ancestors.
13:18More than one person carved the animals.
13:20People from different levels of skills showed their artistic glory,
13:23and it was a group effort.
13:25The fact that these rocks were found together also suggests that this was a community activity.
13:30So it's like families were all gathered around the TV,
13:33carving rocks and cheering on their favorite carved animals.
13:36Who needs Netflix when you have Paleolithic TV?
13:40The engravings on these rocks and the signs they were exposed to heat
13:44suggest they were created to look like they were moving.
13:47Sometimes you see different animals in different poses,
13:50so one would come to life,
13:51and then another,
13:53and then a different one.
13:54It's like a Stone Age version of Disney.
13:58Similar techniques might have influenced some of the ancient cave paintings,
14:02such as those at the breathtaking Chauvet Cave in southeastern France.
14:06The animal portraits there are also overlaid on each other,
14:09and some look like they were heated by fires underneath them,
14:11which means that our prehistoric ancestors might have been the first animators in the world.
14:17All right, since we talked about young people's favorite pastime activity,
14:21shall we take a trip back in time to discover the world's oldest toys?
14:25One of the most ancient toys discovered was a simple ball made from clay
14:29and found in the ruins of ancient Mesopotamia.
14:32It might seem like a simple toy,
14:34but our ancestors were playing with them as far back as 3000 BC.
14:39But back then,
14:40they didn't have fancy video games or elaborate board games,
14:43so a ball was the pinnacle of entertainment.
14:46But the Mesopotamians weren't the only ones having fun.
14:49In ancient Greece,
14:51children played with dolls made of clay.
14:53In Egypt, kids had toys shaped like animals,
14:55but they also had dolls made from materials like clay, papyrus, and ivory.
15:00But the most impressive thing about these dolls?
15:02They had movable limbs.
15:05That's right.
15:05Our ancient ancestors were playing with articulated dolls before it was cool.
15:10But it's not all fun and games.
15:12Toys also had a practical purpose back in the day.
15:15In fact,
15:16many of the toys discovered by archaeologists
15:18were actually used to teach children important skills.
15:21For example,
15:22Egyptian children played with dolls that were shaped like doctors,
15:25which helped them learn about medicine and healthcare.
15:28And let's not forget about the toys that were used to train future warriors.
15:33In ancient China,
15:34kids played with toy horses and chariots,
15:36which helped them prepare for a life of battle.
15:40Talk about getting a head start on your career.
15:43Moving on to primitive board games,
15:46which have been around for over 5000 years.
15:48The oldest board game is called Sinet,
15:51and was discovered in ancient Egyptian tombs.
15:54It's a bit like a cross between chess and backgammon,
15:57and it was so popular that it was played for over 2000 years.
16:00Now that's a game with staying power.
16:03But let's not forget about toys for the little ones.
16:06Archaeologists have found ancient rattles and whistles
16:08that were used to entertain even younger members of their families.
16:11And if you thought your kid's toy collection was impressive,
16:14just wait until you hear about the ancient Egyptian princess
16:18who had over 100 wooden toys in her chamber.
16:21But perhaps the most surprising toy of all was the yo-yo.
16:25That's right.
16:26The yo-yo has been around for over 2000 years.
16:29It was first invented in ancient Greece
16:31and was often used in battle, believe it or not.
16:33But eventually people realized that it was much more fun
16:36to just play with it and do tricks.
16:39Marbles are also around as a toy that has been entertaining kids
16:42and some adults for thousands of years.
16:45Archaeologists have found evidence of marble dating back
16:48to around 5000 years ago in the Indus Valley civilization.
16:51Back in those days, marbles were made from all sorts of things.
16:55Want to take a wild guess?
16:56Okay, I'll tell you.
16:57Fruit pits and small pieces of smoothed stone.
17:00That's right.
17:01Those ancient kids were getting creative with their playthings.
17:04Some artisans even went the extra mile
17:06and crafted marbles from clay.
17:08Let's head back to ancient Egyptians
17:10and their adorable miniature boats
17:12made from ivory, wood, and clay.
17:15These miniatures may be acknowledged as toys,
17:18but they were also meant to represent
17:19crossing over to the other side.
17:22Viking kids had similar types of items too.
17:25A wooden toy boat over a thousand years old
17:27was found on a farmstead near the coast of Norway.
17:31This toy looked like a real boat
17:33and it would have been the ultimate cool thing,
17:35just like how kids today go nuts over race cars and drones.
17:39You can imagine little ones back then
17:41showing off their toy boats to their friends.
17:44Many of these toys are still pretty fun to play with today.
17:47There are many others left aside,
17:49like toy soldiers and spinning tops.
17:52Do you want to know more about ancient toys
17:54or gadgets from the early days of cinema?
17:56You
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