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Depuis début septembre 1941, la Wehrmacht avance à nouveau sur tous les fronts, d’autant qu’affaiblies par les combats de l’été, les troupes sont pressées d’en finir. Kiev est conquise, Leningrad, assiégée, et le verrou de Smolensk sur la route de Moscou a cédé. Face à une Armée rouge exsangue, Hitler veut lancer avant l'hiver une grande offensive contre la capitale russe.
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00:11At the end of September 1941, it had been three months since Operation Barbarossa began.
00:20Tens of millions of Soviet citizens are under German rule.
00:26They saw their cities bombed, their farms, their villages looted or destroyed.
00:35Hundreds of thousands of Jews, men, but also women and children, were massacred.
00:44Nearly two million Red Army soldiers were killed or taken prisoner.
00:49The Soviet Union is bled dry.
00:59In Kyiv, young Erina Koroshunova refuses to accept the German occupation.
01:06We live in the horror that this ocean of blood, spilled every day, evokes in us.
01:10Every hour and every minute, idiots in grey-green coats,
01:14wearing belts inscribed with "God is with us".
01:24At first, we thought we were going to stop living, stop breathing.
01:28That's not true.
01:30Man is resilient; he can endure anything.
01:51Since the beginning of September, the Wehrmacht has been advancing again on all fronts.
01:55Who conquered? Leningrad is under siege.
02:00Smolensk, a key point on the road to Moscow, has fallen.
02:05For Hitler, this momentum must be used to launch a major operation against the capital before winter.
02:12Operation Typhoon will be the final battle that will decide the campaign.
02:22Heinrich Happ, the military doctor, prepares for the attack.
02:27Since June, he has already seen half of the young men in his battalion die.
02:32The only thing that matters to him now is saving what remains.
02:39I give the troops orders not to eat anything for the six hours preceding the start of the attack.
02:44Thus, soldiers will have a better chance of survival in the event of a stomach injury.
02:51I am issuing a warning.
02:53Eating a simple slice of bread causes a rush of blood to the intestines.
02:57This, in the event of injury, will cause a much more significant internal hemorrhage.
03:13The troops going on the offensive were greatly weakened by the hard fighting of the summer.
03:18But the prospect of it being over galvanizes the men and the soldiers throw their last strength into the battle.
03:28On October 2nd, Operation Typhoon unleashed a deluge of fire upon the Soviet forces.
03:41The Panzers quickly broke through the Red Army's defensive lines.
03:46always entangled in these command problems and unable to coordinate.
03:58On October 3rd, a Panzer division entered Aurel, on the road to Moscow.
04:05after a lightning advance of more than 200 kilometers.
04:10As improbable as it may seem, the tank crews encountered Soviet workers who waved to them.
04:17thinking they were dealing with fellow countrymen.
04:21The population, bombarded by propaganda from Moscow, is completely unaware of the Germans' rapid advance.
04:36Once again, the infantry and artillery, with the help of the Panzers, managed to encircle the Soviets.
04:49On October 6, just four days after the start of Operation Typhoon,
04:54The first cauldron of conflict is closing around the Soviet armies in Bryansk.
04:59On the 7th, a second one encircled the armies at Viasma.
05:10Nearly 100,000 Soviet deaths, significant losses on the German side, in men and equipment.
05:20Helmut Stief, lieutenant colonel of the Wehrmacht, flies over the battlefield at low altitude.
05:28Convinced anti-Nazis, they secretly condemned this war.
05:37Everywhere, the corpses of Russians are piled up, one on top of the other.
05:42Artillery positions pulverized, along with their guns and gunners, by our Panzers.
05:50Teams of horses overturned, horses wandering with the saddle under their belly.
05:56Vehicles in flames, villages burned to the ground.
06:02It's like a kaleidoscope of horrible impressions, scrolling before my eyes, and I can't...
06:07forget.
06:19Any hope of an imminent end to the war is illusory.
06:22as long as a part of the world remains at the mercy of the criminal will and morbid ambition of a madman.
06:45The Germans themselves are surprised by the enormity of their capture.
06:5025,000 officers were captured, including about ten generals.
06:56650,000 prisoners in total.
06:59Soldiers, nurses,
07:02but also peasants,
07:05who found themselves trapped in the cauldrons.
07:28Mariupol falls on October 14th.
07:31Odessa, the 17th
07:33Kharkiv, the 24th.
07:35The Reich press chief is proclaiming on all airwaves.
07:40The Soviet Union has been liquidated.
07:44Hans Roth, on the front lines in Ukraine,
07:48is not fooled by this propaganda.
07:51We hear on the radio,
07:52The end of the war in the east is near.
07:58I put my head in my hands.
08:01Have our leaders gone mad?
08:08For heaven's sake,
08:09The reality is completely different.
08:12If people knew what was really going on here.
08:20Our mothers, our wives,
08:22will be overjoyed
08:23at the thought of this horrible bloodshed
08:25It finally comes to an end.
08:26And they will expect their men to come home for Christmas.
08:31In the country,
08:32The awakening will be terrible.
08:35The newspapers will be covered with black crosses.
08:38like never before.
08:47At the same time,
08:49in Moscow.
08:51After the severe defeat at Vyazma-Briansk,
08:54air defense
08:55can no longer stop the German planes.
08:59Every evening,
09:00they drop by the hundreds
09:02explosive bombs
09:03and incendiary bombs.
09:07Volunteer citizens
09:09spend their night on the rooftops
09:10to watch for projectiles.
09:17With their limited resources,
09:18They are trying to prevent the fires from igniting.
09:29The authorities may well assure
09:31that everything is under control.
09:32the population is beginning to believe
09:34that the city will fall.
09:41Georgi and Fron find themselves completely alone.
09:44at 16 years old.
09:46He watched his mother lose her grip on reality.
09:48and commit suicide.
09:50All his points of reference collapse.
09:57Almost everyone here
09:58is convinced
09:58of the impending defeat
09:59and definitive for our army.
10:02Moscow is living in a state of delirium.
10:07On one hand,
10:08the newspapers are talking
10:08military trophies,
10:10of the heroic resistance
10:11of the Red Army
10:12say Moscow
10:13will always be Soviet.
10:16On the other hand,
10:17all those returning from the front,
10:18And there are many of them.
10:20talk about the dilapidation
10:21of the Red Army,
10:22severe defeats.
10:30Some claim
10:31than the Germans
10:32are expected in Moscow
10:33tonight.
10:35That's an exaggeration.
10:36But anything is possible.
10:42There is danger in the house.
10:44We start to burn
10:45the archives,
10:46to mine
10:47the official buildings.
10:49We are evacuating
10:50government agencies
10:51with their cohort
10:52of civil servants,
10:54900 kilometers
10:55further east.
11:00Did Stalin foresee
11:02To leave?
11:03Only he knows.
11:05But according to his help
11:06camp
11:07these boots
11:08were packaged
11:09to chaos.
11:18On October 16th,
11:20in the morning,
11:21the first workers
11:22discover with astonishment
11:24that the subway stations
11:25are closed.
11:26Even familiar voices
11:28propaganda
11:29have had.
11:31The speakers
11:32no longer broadcasting
11:33only Viennese waltzes.
11:36Immediately,
11:37The rumor mill is churning.
11:38The city has been abandoned.
11:40by the authorities.
11:42Stalin fled.
11:43We have to leave.
11:47Those who succeed
11:48to reach the station
11:49are repelled.
11:50There is no room
11:51on trains
11:51only for members
11:52of the party.
11:55At the city gates,
11:57the population
11:58who feels betrayed
12:00intercept the cars
12:01privileged few
12:02who are trying to flee.
12:04One of them tells the story.
12:07A large crowd
12:08blocked the road.
12:10Suddenly,
12:10men jumped
12:11on our car.
12:13Others have struck
12:14on the roof
12:15and at the front.
12:16They broke
12:17all the windows.
12:18Then,
12:19dozens of hands
12:20lifted the car
12:21and tipped it over
12:23on the side.
12:24They literally
12:25tore my wife away
12:26from his seat.
12:31The military
12:31supposed to maintain order
12:33were powerless.
12:35The political militia
12:36he washed his hands of it.
12:41At the moment of being lynched,
12:43Someone recognized me
12:44and told them
12:45that I was the author
12:45from a famous book
12:46on the civil war.
12:49It saved my life.
13:01In Leningrad,
13:03the two million
13:04and a half inhabitants
13:05are isolated
13:05from the rest of the country.
13:08For a month
13:09and a half,
13:10the Germans did
13:11the choice
13:11to besiege the city.
13:12An assault
13:13would have been
13:14unnecessarily expensive
13:15in men.
13:18Leningrad,
13:18cradle of the revolution
13:20Bolshevik,
13:21would have defended himself
13:22house by house.
13:25The siege will exhaust
13:26the inhabitants
13:27and the city
13:28will fall by itself.
13:35Lyuba Chaporina
13:36is a decorator
13:37of theatre.
13:38He is a figure
13:38of the art scene.
13:40From the beginning
13:41of the war,
13:43she works
13:43as a nurse
13:44to provide
13:44to his needs
13:45and to those
13:46of his son.
13:47She notes
13:48in his diary.
13:52Last night,
13:53we had
13:53an alert
13:53at the hospital.
13:54The bombings
13:55were so strong
13:56that we have gathered
13:57all the injured
13:57in the corridor
13:58where the rumble
13:59explosions
13:59is almost suffocated.
14:06They were read to
14:07a newspaper
14:07out loud.
14:08I started
14:09the evening procedures
14:11put the drops
14:11in the eyes,
14:12applied compresses.
14:13Then I had to go back
14:15to the dressing room,
14:16reluctantly.
14:18Inside,
14:19I really had the impression
14:21that the bombs
14:21were all close
14:22and that my turn
14:23was going to come.
14:35From morning to night,
14:37German artillery
14:38bombards the city.
14:46Food warehouses,
14:48residential buildings,
14:49petrol depots,
14:51hospitals.
14:52The bombings
14:53dozens
14:54deaths every day.
15:00Ljuba Chaporina is outraged.
15:04I can't understand.
15:06My head refuses to admit
15:07barbarity
15:08aimless Germans
15:09which go as far as
15:10bomb hospitals.
15:13Blast-effect bombs
15:14and incendiary bombs
15:16were dropped.
15:18There are many injured,
15:20Many people were burned.
15:23Why are they doing this?
15:25To show
15:26that they do not respect
15:27person ?
15:28We already know that.
15:32Future generations
15:34cannot be
15:35that revolted
15:35by this barbarity
15:36nameless.
15:48Hitler personally
15:50ordered the siege.
15:53We will not enter
15:54in Russian cities.
15:55Their inhabitants
15:56They all must die.
15:58We don't have
15:59to have scruples.
16:01We are not
16:02nannies.
16:03We have no obligation
16:05with regard to these people.
16:07We have only one duty,
16:09to Germanize by bringing
16:10Germans on the scene
16:11and treat the natives
16:13like Indians.
16:26The lieutenant colonel
16:27Helmut Stief
16:28plans operations
16:30with the high command
16:31behind the front lines.
16:35He is appalled
16:36by the way
16:37including senior officers
16:38are waging war.
16:41Their geometry
16:43on the map,
16:44as he writes
16:45to his wife,
16:46is completely detached
16:47of reality
16:48of the battlefield.
17:00From the beginning
17:01of Operation Typhoon,
17:03our divisions have been
17:04plus bleeding
17:05than in the first few days
17:06of the offensive.
17:13But that does not lead
17:14however
17:15to any socket
17:16of conscience.
17:17The requirements
17:18are always
17:18more excessive.
17:24They will succeed
17:26to self-destruction.
17:27I am full
17:28of a bottomless hatred.
17:52Operation Typhoon
17:54was to propel
17:54the Wehrmacht
17:55all the way to Moscow
17:56before winter.
17:58But gradually
18:00that the troops
18:00always sink
18:01further away,
18:02the supply
18:03in food and equipment
18:04becomes more chaotic.
18:06The resistance of the Soviets
18:07increasingly relentless.
18:10Grandiose projects
18:12of the German command
18:14they finally sink
18:15in the mud
18:15of the Rasputitsa
18:16who, in the autumn,
18:19transforms the roads
18:20in a swamp.
18:25The armies find themselves
18:26literally bogged down
18:28in the open countryside
18:29200 kilometers
18:31from Moscow.
18:46General Heinrichi
18:48is blocked
18:49with his men.
18:51In his diary,
18:52he writes
18:55" It's necessary,
18:57in the best-case scenario,
18:58to a truck,
19:0036 hours
19:01to cover
19:0135 kilometers.
19:03Essence,
19:04bread,
19:05oats,
19:06Nothing is getting through.
19:07The carts
19:08on horseback
19:08are blocked,
19:09the cannons
19:10they don't pass.
19:11All men,
19:12infantry or other,
19:14grow
19:14more than they fight.
19:21Everywhere one hears,
19:23We can't take it anymore.
19:46The soldier
19:48Willy Peter Reis
19:49is on the front line.
19:51In his notebooks,
19:52the young writer
19:53shouts his rage
19:54and his powerlessness.
20:01Murky streams
20:03drive on the roads.
20:05The earth is overflowing.
20:08With every step,
20:09boots
20:10sink completely.
20:13Covered in clay,
20:15scarred with scabs
20:16mud,
20:17we are moving forward
20:18through the poop,
20:20in our condoms
20:21and our boots
20:21soaked.
20:28Everything is wet.
20:30Bread,
20:31the clothes.
20:32There is no refuge.
20:55Under these extreme conditions,
20:58what will become of
20:58prisoners of war
20:59Soviets,
21:00who are now
21:01more than three million.
21:08Considered subhuman,
21:10undernourished,
21:12left without care,
21:14their fate has never
21:15very concerned
21:16the Germans.
21:18With the war
21:19which continues,
21:20Logistics gone wrong
21:22Their misery is worsening.
21:46They suffer
21:46endless walks
21:48towards the rear of the front
21:49to be herded
21:50in makeshift camps
21:51in the open air.
21:54They are reduced
21:55to eat dirt,
21:56bark,
21:57grass,
21:59rodents,
22:01their belts.
22:09The young Erina Koroshnova
22:11has a brother-in-law,
22:12prisoner
22:13in a camp
22:14near Kyiv.
22:15She knew
22:16the starving prisoners,
22:18but didn't expect
22:19to such cruelty.
22:24They have an appearance
22:25so scary
22:26a shudder of horror
22:27it crosses my mind.
22:28We don't give them
22:29dining,
22:30That's for sure.
22:32Women rush forward
22:33towards the prisoners,
22:35they throw
22:35something to calm things down
22:36a little bit of their hunger.
22:39The men rush forward
22:40like wild beasts
22:41on the tracks
22:42that they succeed
22:42to catch.
22:45The Germans are hitting them
22:46at the head,
22:47with heavy blows from the butt of the rifle butt.
22:49They also type
22:50women.
22:52They continue.
22:53despite everything.
23:03I have the impression
23:04to witness under a beautiful sky
23:05autumn to a scene
23:06from hell,
23:07exit straight ahead
23:08of the Middle Ages.
23:20For the month only
23:21October 1941,
23:23nearly 5,000 prisoners
23:25Soviet wars
23:26die every day.
23:31The powerless population
23:33to help them
23:34is particularly affected
23:36by their fate.
23:37They are mougiques,
23:39their brothers,
23:40their husbands,
23:41their children.
23:51Early November,
23:52for the general
23:53Georgi Zhukov
23:54who organizes
23:55the defense of Moscow.
23:57The mud of Rasputitsa
23:58is a chance.
23:59He believes that the Germans
24:01will not be able to leave
24:02to the attack
24:02within two weeks.
24:11Chosen by Stalin
24:12for his iron grip,
24:14he is taking advantage of this reprieve
24:15to remobilize
24:16population and soldiers
24:18by employing
24:19the hard way.
24:25Order 345,
24:27I give the order.
24:281.
24:29To shoot on the spot
24:31all the cowards
24:31who abandon
24:32their position.
24:332.
24:34Military courts
24:36must watch
24:36to the execution
24:37strict of this order.
24:41Comrades in arms
24:42of the Red Army,
24:43Not a step backwards.
24:56Moscow is transforming
24:57like a veritable fortress.
25:00The capital bristles
25:01of barricades,
25:02of obstacles of all kinds.
25:05Hundreds of thousands
25:06of civilians,
25:07mostly women
25:09are requisitioned
25:10to dig
25:11anti-tank ditches
25:12on the outer boulevards
25:13of the city.
25:29Gheorghi Efron,
25:30the young orphan,
25:32is evacuated from Moscow
25:33after being tossed about
25:35from home to home.
25:41And again,
25:43We have to leave everything behind.
25:44Farewell,
25:45beloved comfort,
25:46blanket,
25:47table and room,
25:49My dear Moscow.
25:51Again,
25:51the train stations,
25:53the stranger
25:53and the conditions
25:54of difficult existence.
26:00Nevertheless,
26:01I believe in a bright future
26:04or at least
26:04moments of happiness.
26:07Youth privileges?
26:09Maybe.
26:11I admit that it helps me to live.
26:15This war will end one day.
26:31November 7th,
26:33It's snowing in Moscow.
26:37The Germans are 80 km away
26:39of Red Square.
26:40But Stalin insists
26:42to preside in person
26:44the traditional military parade
26:46commemorating the Bolshevik revolution.
26:51This is his opportunity
26:53to galvanize the people
26:55around a new
26:56grand patriotic speech.
27:06Alexander Nevsky
27:07who defeated
27:08the Teutonic Knights.
27:10Kutuzov
27:11who defeated Napoleon.
27:14Stalin invokes
27:15the great legendary figures
27:16which symbolize resistance,
27:18the greatness
27:19and invincibility
27:20of eternal Russia.
27:22He exhorts his army
27:23and its young recruits
27:24to be up to the task
27:25of their glorious ancestors.
27:40One of the great strengths
27:41of the Soviet Union,
27:43It's his reserve of men.
27:44almost inexhaustible.
27:47In November,
27:49hundreds of thousands
27:50reservists are being recalled.
27:51More than a million
27:52young people
27:5318 and 19 years old
27:54are mobilized.
27:57The Red Army
27:58was almost wiped out
27:59in Minsk,
28:00in Ukraine,
28:02in Vyazma-Briansk,
28:03but she is in the process
28:05to be reborn
28:05from his ashes.
28:14At the same time,
28:15in Leningrad,
28:17the genocidal objective
28:18Germans
28:19appears every day
28:20more clearly.
28:22They cut
28:23the last roads
28:23supply
28:24of the city.
28:25They posed
28:26minefields
28:27to decimate
28:28the starving
28:28who would try to flee.
28:32to die of hunger
28:33and cold
28:34is fate
28:35who is waiting for the residents.
28:46They spend their day
28:48looking for wood
28:48to keep warm,
28:50walking in the cold
28:51in search of sustenance.
28:56They can draw water
28:57directly onto the pipes.
29:00Food is rationed.
29:08A high school student writes
29:10in his diary
29:16I couldn't buy
29:17the 400 grams
29:18of cereals,
29:18the 615 grams
29:20butter
29:20and the 100 grams
29:22flour
29:22for the next 10 days.
29:24These products
29:25are nowhere to be found.
29:27Where they exist,
29:28the queues
29:29are enormous.
29:32Hundreds
29:33and hundreds
29:34people
29:35in the street,
29:36in the cold,
29:38and there are only some
29:39for a handful
29:39of us.
29:44I have it.
29:45people are queuing
29:45and return empty-handed.
29:53A young woman confides.
29:56Why the end?
29:58The Germans
29:59They quickly understood this.
30:01Is she what undermines it?
30:02the most the mind
30:03resistance?
30:06Because the end
30:07is a permanent state
30:08that cannot be interrupted.
30:09She is constantly present.
30:11We can feel it
30:12continually.
30:15What there is
30:16even more terrifying,
30:17it's about seeing
30:18his ration disappear
30:19without experiencing
30:20of satiety.
30:32Ration tickets
30:34no longer allow
30:35to buy
30:35Enough to survive.
30:36The corpses
30:37are everywhere.
30:39No one left.
30:39pay them no attention.
30:40are here.
30:59The church of the church
31:12In all the photos, Stalin's incredible vanity is evident.
31:16How is that poor bastard doing now?
31:18Who really believed he was the greatest?
31:20The all-powerful, the wisest
31:23The august, the divine
31:33My heart is broken
31:35For 23 years of Bolshevism
31:37It's as if we've all been on death row
31:40But now we're really there.
31:42We have reached the grand finale
31:44The grand finale of our era
31:47An inglorious ending
32:05At the end of November 1941
32:0711,000 inhabitants of Leningrad have already died of starvation
32:12By the end of December, 52,000 more
32:15At the end of the siege, two years later
32:18That's 800,000 people who will have perished
32:30At the same time
32:321000 kilometers south of Leningrad
32:34The German soldiers
32:36Blocked by the mud
32:38Occupy the villages
32:39Small towns
32:52General Heinrichsi has been immobilized for three weeks.
32:55He confided in his wife
33:01For the moment we live in a miserable village
33:04Our barracks are terribly infested with bedbugs.
33:08Many men fell ill
33:09Due to the terrible weather
33:14The boots are worn down to the threads
33:16And the clothes fall to pieces.
33:19My men keep asking me
33:21When will all this finally end?
33:24I can only shrug my shoulders
33:26And answer
33:28I don't know
33:39November 13
33:40An extraordinary meeting of the general staffs
33:43Takes place in Orchat
33:44At the rear of the center front
33:45The stakes are crucial
33:47The cold froze the mud
33:50Operation Barbarossa could resume
33:53The majority of leaders are against resuming the offensive.
33:57Aware of the exhaustion of troops and equipment
34:00Logistics derailment
34:02They want to let winter pass
34:04But General Alder
34:07Barbarossa's brain
34:09Refuses to stop so close to the goal
34:12The troupe must give everything it is humanly capable of giving.
34:18The German will will triumph
34:24100 km from Moscow
34:27Als willkommene Beute
34:43Vormarsch auf der Rollbahn
34:55November 15th
34:56The Germans therefore launched another attack.
35:01Initially there is a surge
35:03And the troops manage to advance another few dozen kilometers.
35:07But very quickly they hit a wall
35:10The Soviets are fiercely defending their capital
35:17The result
35:19This new offensive fails to deliver a shock
35:23Does not achieve a breakthrough
35:24What a slow and bloody nibbling intones
35:34The infantry division of doctor Heinrich Happ
35:37It is the one that travels the furthest
35:39To a tram terminus
35:41In the suburbs of Moscow
35:46Fascinated
35:46We stopped in front of the wooden seats
35:49On which thousands of travelers had sat
35:51And had waited for the tram
35:53To go to Moscow
35:57An old wooden bin was fixed to the wall.
36:03I searched it
36:04And I extracted a handful of used tram tickets from them.
36:10Cyrillic characters
36:12We knew it
36:13Spelling the name Moscow
36:16Moscow
36:16A city that had haunted our thoughts
36:19During the long kilometers of walking
36:20And who now seemed to be advancing towards us
36:23Like a mirage
36:40Heinrich Happ's battalion
36:42Will never cross the few kilometers
36:44Which separate it from the capital
36:52Far from the dazzling breakthroughs dreamed of by the general staffs
36:55The German armies are once again blocked.
37:02In this final offensive
37:04They have used up their last bit of strength
37:1380 cases of fainting were reported.
37:16Due to exhaustion
37:17In a company of those shot
37:19Within the 23rd division
37:22Yet the closest to Moscow
37:23Two battalions refused to advance.
37:29Their unit leader testifies
37:32The losses in men and officers
37:34They are simply too high
37:35And there's no more ammunition.
37:37We feel unable to move forward.
37:40One more kilometer
37:42The resistance of the Russians
37:44Became too strong
37:55We would never have thought
37:57That the Russians would defend their capital
37:58With such determination
38:01They fought
38:02Until we stopped
38:11In hostile terrain
38:13With few shelter options
38:15The cold is becoming a crucial problem
38:22Most of the soldiers
38:23They did not receive winter uniforms
38:26They bundle themselves up in newspaper
38:28They manufacture straw oversausages
38:30They pile up layers of clothing
38:32Sometimes taken from the corpses of enemies
38:43In his diary
38:45Vili Petter Rez
38:47The book gives a raw account of his downfall
38:53Do we need boots?
38:54We take them from the old people.
38:56And to the women along the roads
39:00We don't want that
39:01We are forced to do so.
39:08Our cooks slaughter the calves and pigs
39:10Found along the way
39:11But that's not enough
39:12So we take from the women and children
39:15Their last pieces of bread
39:18We stuff into our bags
39:19The little butter and fat
39:21What remains for them
39:22Let's load our vehicles with bacon
39:24And flour taken from their reserves
39:26Let's drink the milk
39:27Let's steal the honey
39:28Their tears
39:30Their pleas
39:31Their curses
39:32They don't bother us
39:51Vili Petter Rez
39:53He sees himself becoming like a stranger to himself
39:58We are suffering from diarrhea.
39:59Our stomach is a fermenting swamp
40:02We disgust each other
40:05My life and my thoughts can no longer overcome the fatigue.
40:09The urge to flee
40:10The need for sleep
40:11Hunger
40:13The torture of forced progress
40:15It made us bitter
40:17To the point that we have become insensitive to the suffering of others
40:22We flaunt our ill-gotten gains
40:24And let us enjoy the impression we make with a gun
40:28About a defenseless woman
40:30Who has the misfortune of being Russian
40:51There are two things that can unite men
40:54Common ideals
40:56And shared crime
40:58It's always about praising Hitler
41:08Operation Barbarossa is a war of extermination.
41:11Who has never spared civilians
41:13But at the end of November
41:15The abuses against the population
41:17They are reaching a new level
41:25Faced with the looming defeat
41:26Fear of revenge from the population
41:29The German soldiers see the enemy everywhere.
41:32Isolated deserters
41:34Partisans
41:35Jews
41:37The Wehrmacht throws itself into a veritable criminal escalation.
41:50Not only all suspected persons
41:53Of partisan activities and hangings
41:54But hundreds of villages have been destroyed.
41:57And their murdered inhabitants
41:59As part of a policy of preventive punishment
42:12Early December in Kyiv
42:15The city has been occupied for two and a half months.
42:22Young Irina Koroshunova doesn't know the details of what's happening on the front lines.
42:26But she senses that the war is at a turning point.
42:33One only needs to read between the lines to realize that the Germans are not stealing victory in
42:37victory as they claim
42:40Moreover, they are no longer advancing anywhere along the entire front line.
42:43Leningrad resists and Moscow has not fallen
42:50I know, and I'm not the only one.
42:52Our people are preparing for battle.
42:55And they are mobilizing their main reserves of men and equipment
43:07We live in the hope of seeing the moment when the Nazi hordes will be driven back.
43:11And they will return to where they came from.
43:22December 6 in Moscow
43:24General Zhukov decides to take advantage of the Wehrmacht's exhaustion
43:28To launch a major counter-offensive in a final effort
43:40For the Germans, the surprise is total.
43:43They believed the Russian forces were exhausted, worn out
43:46They discover that the Red Army has once again been able to mobilize new forces.
43:56Wave after wave
43:57Soviet infantry troops launch their attack
44:18Gotthard Heinrichi and his men find themselves cornered in a small town near Moscow
44:26December 16
44:27I write in the stone of anxieties
44:30The Russians have breached our line in several places.
44:32And forced us to retreat
44:34I don't know how this will end
44:40December 17
44:41Things wouldn't be so bad if we hadn't been used to the bone.
44:45Six months of relentless fighting
44:48Overwhelming our bodies and souls to the extreme
44:53December 20
44:54We completely underestimated the Russians
44:58December 24
44:59Misfortune is approaching
45:01And up there in Berlin, nobody sees him
45:23For Willy Peter Rez, the situation is just as desperate.
45:27There is no one left between his unit and the Russians.
45:34Silent, bitter, stupid, ghostly
45:38We flee westward like shadows
45:44We are calling for help by radio
45:46But no one can help us where we are.
45:56Several men collapse
45:57They refuse to get up and remain where they are.
46:02We kick them
46:03We push them with guns
46:07Unhappy, with empty eyes
46:09They get up and start walking again
46:14Anyone who stays behind is left to their own devices.
46:17It's freezing
46:18Or the Russians find it
46:20And they beat him to death
46:31Zhukov's counter-offensive achieves its objective
46:34Push the Germans back from Moscow
46:37Up to 130 km in some areas
46:44For Hitler, it was absolutely essential to prevent the rout.
46:47On December 18, he ordered the Haltbefe
46:52The troops must stop where they are.
46:54To offer fanatical resistance
46:56Any movement backwards is prohibited
47:14On the front line of the Red Army
47:16Nicolas and Nicouline find themselves in this confrontation.
47:19With no prospect of getting out
47:26My reason was as if switched off.
47:29And barely survived in my starving and exhausted body
47:33My soul rarely awoke.
47:37As soon as I had a free moment
47:39I closed my eyes in the darkness of the shelter
47:41And I remembered my home
47:43Summer sunshine
47:45Flowers
47:47From the Hermitage Museum
47:48Books I loved
47:51Familiar melodies
47:54And the faint flame of hope
47:56It managed to warm me in this dark world
47:59And chilled with cruelty
48:01Of famine and death
48:04I was forgetting about reality
48:06Which was indistinguishable from the delirium of my dreams
48:32Christmas 1941
48:36The German soldiers did not return home.
48:46Operation Barbarossa was a failure
48:50After six months of fighting
48:51The Red Army and the Wehrmacht
48:54They are like two stunned boxers
48:56Those who are faltering and no longer have the strength to strike
49:07The Wehrmacht failed to take
49:09Neither Leningrad nor Moscow
49:11But she's still there
49:15The Red Army did not destroy the Wehrmacht
49:18But she saved Moscow
49:22Neither Stalin nor Hitler are ready to give up
49:25They are each counting on new reserves
49:28More efficient equipment
49:30To deliver the final blow
49:41Since the beginning of the German invasion
49:43The Red Army lost nearly 5 million men.
49:47The Wehrmacht, 800,000
49:50That's a quarter of its initial roster
49:56These colossal figures are not, however,
49:58The beginning of the carnage
49:59At the end of the Second World War
50:024 million soldiers will have died
50:05German side
50:07Soviet side
50:08That's 11 million soldiers
50:11And 16 million civilians
50:13Who will have perished
50:17I have rarely cried.
50:21Crying won't help.
50:22When you are in the middle of events
50:26When I am with you again
50:27And that I will be able to abandon myself
50:29Then we will need to cry a lot
50:32And you'll be able to understand your husband
50:36It's useless here.
50:38Even in the face of the most terrible scenes
50:42Despair and guilt overwhelm us
50:46A profound shame overwhelms us
50:50Sometimes, I'm even ashamed of having been loved.
50:57This letter was found in the pocket
51:00From the uniform of a German infantryman
51:03He was killed near Kashira
51:05115 km south of Moscow
51:08In December 1941
51:24Subtitling by Radio-Canada
51:38Subtitling by Radio-Canada
52:08Subtitling by Radio-Canada
52:09...
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